Sociodemographic characteristics that influence pregnancy in adolescence

Abstract

Introduction: teenage pregnancy constitutes an alarming health problem; Describing the characteristics that influence its appearance allows the development of health promotion activities aimed at improving this situation. Objective: to describe the sociodemographic characteristics that influence pregnancy in adolescence. Methods: observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study in pregnant teenagers belonging to the Teaching Polyclinic “7 de Noviembre” of the Majibacoa municipality during the year 2020. The universe consisted of 34 pregnant teenagers; all of these were worked on. The variables were analyzed: maternal age, sociodemographic characteristics, family risk factors, social and economic risk factors, and school dropout. Results: 55,9% of the pregnant women were between 18 and 19 years old. 47% had a pre-university level, 52,9% were students; 67,6% were in union and the majority had their first sexual intercourse after the age of 14 (58,8%). 32,4% of the adolescent pregnant women were the daughters of mothers with some pregnancy in adolescence. Low family per capita is exhibited with greater preponderance as a socio-economic risk factor (43,8%). 58,8% dropped out of their studies. Conclusions: the early initiation of sexual relations, the antecedent of mothers with teenage pregnancies, the low family per capita favor the appearance of a pregnancy in adolescence, where most of the time they decide to abandon their studies.