Evans syndrome as an initial manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus

Abstract

Evans syndrome is characterized by the simultaneous presentation of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and immune thrombocytopenic purpura; it can be manifested as an isolated pathology or as a manifestation of a systemic disease.

Clinical Case: 3-year-old preschool male, diagnosed with Evans syndrome, that required corticosteroid and immunoglobulin intravenous treatment due to poor immune response. Three months after his initial diagnosis he presents kidney affectation in addition to presenting positive autoantibodies, with which it was established the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Conclusion: Evans syndrome is a rare nosological entity, when the diagnosis is made an underlying systemic disease must be ruled out.