Compliance to guidelines of antibiotic surgical prophylaxis and risk of surgical site infection in pediatric patients at Hospital de Especialidades Pediatricas Omar Torrijos Herrera.

Abstract

Introduction: The use of adequate surgical antibiotic prophylaxis is one of the most important prevention measures with evidence of risk reduction of surgical site infections (SSI). Materials and methods: A prospective study was conducted to evaluate compliance of surgical prophylaxis standards and the risk of SSI in patients from 30 days to 18 years of age undergoing surgical interventions at the Omar Torrijos Herrera Pediatric Specialties Hospital (HEPOTH) during August 2019 - July 2020. Results: In HEPOTH, 751 tracer surgeries were performed from August 2019 - July 2020, 77 subjects were enrolled and 72 subjects were included to assess compliance to the prophylaxis guide, 63 subjects were evaluated looking for the presence of surgical site infections, 52 subjects were hospitalized (72%) and the rest were managed on an outpatient basis. Compliance to the antibiotic prophylaxis standard was 31% (22/72). In the outpatient surgeries they were 100% compliant to the guide of antibiotic prophylaxis compared with 3.8% of the inpatient surgeries. The patients presenting surgical site infections represent 5% (3/63), in no case the prophylaxis standard was met. Conclusions: Compliance to the antibiotic prophylaxis standard should be improved with the aim of reducing surgical site infections and reducing antibiotic exposure in pediatric patients. Which leads to greater future antibiotic resistance.