Impact of surveillance policies on the use of antibiotics in the neonatal ward of the Hospital del Niño, Dr. José Renán Esquivel, Panama July 2015 to June 2016.

Abstract

Introduction: Antibiotics are the drugs most commonly used in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of the implementation of interventions on the use of antibiotics in the neonatal unit of the Children Hospital “Dr. José Renán Esquivel” Materials and methods: This study was a retrospective evaluation of the use of antibiotics in two periods, before and after the implementation of interventions in antibiotic use policies. The use of antibiotics was quantified by days of treatment (DDT), days of antibiotic treatment / 1000 patient days and dose of antibiotic treatment (DOT) / 1000 patient days. The statistical analysis of the frequencies in both periods was carried out using the value of X2. Values ​​of p <0.05 for 95% confidence intervals were accepted as statistical significance.Results: We obtained a sample of 600 newborns for the two periods and of these 555 newborns entered our study. 60.35% of the newborns that entered the study in the first period received antibiotics and 52.96% in the second study group. When performing the analysis of proportions in DOT and DDT of both periods there was a statistically significant difference in DOT and DDT after the interventions in the use of antibiotics. (p ≤ 0.001). We observed a decrease in the number of antibiotics course of 41 (23.8%) received two or more courses of antibiotics in the first period and in the second to 22 (15.3%). The antibiotics most used in both periods were ampicillin and gentamicin.Conclusion: There was a statistically significant difference in the analysis of the proportions of TOD and DDT after interventions in antibiotic use policies.